The fast-evolving roles of sovereign wealth funds in Gulf Cooperation Council states and their associated investment activities inform economic development trends within the region as well as international political economy dynamics. These sovereign wealth funds oversee trillions of dollars in assets under management, providing regional governments with significant financial firepower. Abu Dhabi’s Mubadala became the lead investor among sovereign wealth funds globally in 2024, deploying $29.2 billion across 52 deals, according to Global SWF. Just five Gulf sovereign wealth funds – Mubadala, the Abu Dhabi Investment Authority, ADQ, the Public Investment Fund, and the Qatar Investment Authority – invested a total $82 billion during 2024.  

How are GCC sovereign wealth funds evolving to both seize opportunities in the global investment landscape and meet the needs of domestic economies? What are the opportunities and risks attached to new investment forays into global sports, experimental domestic development initiatives, or other domains? In what ways are sovereign wealth fund officials adjusting the geographic distribution and asset allocation of their investment portfolios? How important are Asian markets, especially China, as GCC sovereign wealth funds explore new opportunities across asset classes and industries? And what can sovereign wealth funds and their activities reveal about Gulf states’ existing and new strategic and investment partnerships on the world stage?